When we mention SUVs, first thing noticed is
its tough shape. The suspension system does the important work behind the scenes.
The main functions:
- Road isolation: passengers, cargo
- Road holding: road contact, steering, braking, acceleration
- Cornering: counteract body roll
You inevitably meet
the bumps and dips when driving. At that time the suspension plays a bog role to absorb the
energy.
Nowadays popular urban SUVs mostly adapt McPherson
or double-wishbone as front suspension. Rear suspensions usually are twist-beam
(Buick Encore), double-wishbone (CR-V), and multi-link (VW Tiguan). If the SUV emphasizes
on off-road capability, dependent suspension will be applied. Its structure is
very simple, connected by a hard shaft about two wheels, and then the hard
shaft connected with the body. It is more rugged therefore well suited for off-road
SUVs.
McPherson suspension structure is simple less
space occupied, but lack of stability. This suspension is the most common type
of front suspension, mainly composed of A-type (or L-type) wishbones and
damping mechanism. You can free up more space to lay out the power and
electrical systems.
Twist-beam suspension takes up less space
and less maintenance costs but its comfort is limited. In twist- beam suspension
structure, there is no direct connection between the two wheels of the hard
axis. Twist-beam can be reversed within a certain range since two wheels are
connected by a torsion beam.
Double-wishbone suspension offers large lateral
stiffness and good anti-roll performance. Upper and lower A-arms have two
similar triangles stable structure, with sufficient torsional strength.
Multi-link suspension structure is complex,
occupies a large space and provides the best comfort. It can maximize tire grip
to improve vehicle handling limit.
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